Resources
Everything here is built around one question: what do people need to understand in order to perform well when it matters most?
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UNITED-C Guide
This 14-page guide presents the brief as the primary mechanism through which a group of individuals becomes a team. It frames the briefing not as information transmission or administrative tidying, but as the structured conversation through which a shared mental model is built before the dive or task begins.
Building Psychological Safety
in Dive Teams Guide
This 10-page guide defines psychological safety as the shared belief that team members can speak up, ask questions, admit mistakes, and challenge decisions without fear of humiliation or punishment. It frames psychological safety as the bedrock of high-functioning teams, not a soft add-on, but a prerequisite for operational performance and learning.
Top Tips for Beginners Guide
This 14-page guide presents the debrief as a simplified investigation and one of the most powerful learning tools available to high-risk teams. It frames the debrief not as a post-task formality, but as the mechanism through which individual perceptions are calibrated into a shared understanding of how work actually went, and why.
Top Tips for Technical and Cave Divers
This 50-page guide brings human factors thinking to diving instructors, showing how the way they teach, brief, debrief, and respond to mistakes shapes their students' safety and confidence far more than technical content alone. Through real stories and practical tools, it reframes instructing as a human performance craft built on communication, psychological safety, and continuous learning.
Top Tips for Diving Instructors Guide
This 50-page guide brings human factors thinking to diving instructors, showing how the way they teach, brief, debrief, and respond to mistakes shapes their students' safety and confidence far more than technical content alone. Through real stories and practical tools, it reframes instructing as a human performance craft built on communication, psychological safety, and continuous learning.
LFEO Brief Summary
This 10-page primer outlines the conceptual scaffolding behind The Human Diver's Learning from Emergent Outcomes (LFEO) course, arguing that most diving incident reviews ask the wrong question by hunting for who made the mistake rather than understanding how the system shaped the outcome. It introduces the LEODSI and PETTEOT frameworks, the gap between Work as Imagined and Work as Done, and the language and facilitation skills needed to run Learning Teams that actually produce change.
The DEBrIEF Guide
This 14-page guide presents the debrief as a simplified investigation and one of the most powerful learning tools available to high-risk teams. It frames the debrief not as a post-task formality, but as the mechanism through which individual perceptions are calibrated into a shared understanding of how work actually went, and why.
The DEBrIEF Guide
This 14-page guide presents the debrief as a simplified investigation and one of the most powerful learning tools available to high-risk teams. It frames the debrief not as a post-task formality, but as the mechanism through which individual perceptions are calibrated into a shared understanding of how work actually went, and why.
WITH Model - Briefing Guide
This 4-page briefing introduces the WITH model — Work environment, Individual characteristics, Task demands, Human nature — as a structured framework for spotting the conditions that make errors more likely before they combine into incidents. It reframes precursors as system features to be designed for rather than character flaws to blame, and shows how dive teams can use the four lenses in briefs, debriefs, and incident reviews to shift the question from who failed to what conditions need to change.
Accountability in Diving Guide
This 6-page guide reframes accountability in diving, distinguishing it from responsibility and showing how the default approaches — backward, hierarchical, and outcome-based — quietly punish honesty and drive near-misses underground. Drawing on Ruth Parris's 2025 Lund University research, it argues for forward, process, and socialising accountability as the approaches that actually produce learning.